Effects of UroVaxom on Urinary Tract Infection After Ureteroscopic Lithotripsy: A Multicenter Prospective Randomized Study

Background/Objectives: To evaluate whether perioperative UroVaxom reduces postoperative urinary tract infection-related findings after ureteroscopic lithotripsy.

Methods

In this prospective, randomized, multicenter study, patients with a history of recurrent UTI who were scheduled to undergo ureteroscopic lithotripsy for unilateral renal or ureteral stones < 2 cm were assigned to UroVaxom 60 mg or placebo once daily for 1 week before and 2 weeks after surgery. Baseline characteristics, surgical outcomes, postoperative UTI, pyuria, bacteriuria, serum C-reactive protein (CRP), and adverse events were compared.

Results

Of 73 screened patients, 57 were analyzed (placebo, n = 29; UroVaxom, n = 28). Baseline characteristics were comparable between groups. Operative time, hospital stay, and stone-free rate did not differ significantly. Febrile UTI occurred in 1 patient (3.4%) in the placebo group and in none of the UroVaxom group. At 1 month, pyuria and bacteriuria were significantly less frequent in the UroVaxom group, and mean serum CRP was also significantly lower. Adverse events were uncommon and similar between groups.