Dentistry journal
Clinical Outcomes of Surgical-Orthodontic Management of Impacted Mandibular Canines: A Systematic Review
By Stramandinoli F, Mura S, Ledda M and 6 others.
Abstract
Background
Impaction of mandibular canines is an uncommon clinical condition, and transmigration represents a severe positional variant within this spectrum. In contrast to maxillary canine impaction, the management of impacted mandibular canines remains less standardized and largely experience-based. This systematic review aimed to critically evaluate the clinical outcomes of surgical exposure followed by orthodontic traction in impacted mandibular canines.
Methods
A systematic search was conducted across five electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane Library) up to February 2026. A total of 1512 records were identified; after duplicate removal, 1307 studies underwent title and abstract screening. Fifteen full-text articles were assessed for eligibility, and four retrospective analytical studies met the predefined inclusion criteria. The primary outcome was successful orthodontic alignment. Secondary outcomes included treatment duration and reported complications. Risk of bias was assessed using ROBINS-I, and certainty of evidence was evaluated according to the GRADE approach.