Lobular Capillary Hemangioma of the Lower Lip in an Adult: A Case Report and Review of the Oral Literature

Lobular capillary hemangioma (LCH) is a benign vascular lesion characterized by lobular proliferation of capillary vessels.Although commonly discussed within the spectrum of pyogenic granuloma (PG), its clinical presentation varies, and differences in histological definitions complicate comparisons among oral studies.A 31-year-old man with no significant medical history presented with a painless, nonbleeding mass on the lower lip that had been present for two months.He reported no history of local trauma or irritation and no medication use.Clinical examination revealed a well-circumscribed, elastic, grape-like, lobulated mass measuring 6 × 5 × 2 mm at the midline of the lower lip.No induration or cervical lymphadenopathy was observed.The lesion was excised under local anesthesia with a provisional diagnosis of a benign tumor.Histopathological examination demonstrated lobular proliferation of capillaries beneath normal epithelium, establishing the diagnosis of LCH.The surgical margins were histologically negative.Wound healing was satisfactory at the one-week postoperative visit.A narrative review of the oral literature demonstrated considerable variation in the anatomical distribution and clinical characteristics of LCH across studies.Comparisons with previously reported adult lip lesions highlighted differences in lesion size, surface characteristics, and associated local factors.This case illustrates that LCH may present as a small, painless, nonbleeding, lobulated lip mass without identifiable local irritation.Recognition of this clinical presentation and histopathological examination of excised lesions are important for establishing the diagnosis.The accompanying literature review further highlights the clinical heterogeneity of oral LCH and the importance of distinguishing histologically defined LCH from the broader series of PG.