Journal of Clinical Medicine
Orbital Fractures at a Level 1 Trauma Center: A Retrospective Epidemiological Analysis of 1489 Consecutive Fracture Records
By Tal Capucha, Ahmad Hija, Chaim Ohayon and 5 others.
Abstract
Objectives
Comprehensive epidemiological data on orbital fractures from large full-spectrum series remain scarce. We describe the demographics, mechanisms, fracture anatomy, CT-derived defect morphometry, and clinical findings at presentation of orbital fractures managed at a level 1 trauma center.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 1489 consecutive CT-confirmed orbital fracture records managed at Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel, between September 2001 and November 2023. Demographics, mechanism, fracture location, laterality, CT-derived defect dimensions, orbital content herniation, inferior rectus muscle (IRM) involvement on CT, diplopia, concomitant facial fractures, and timing of repair were analyzed. The analysis was planned as descriptive; a single pre-specified comparison (age between sexes) was tested, and no inferential modelling of treatment decisions or outcomes was undertaken.