Beyond Encapsulation: Inulin and Polydextrose as Dual-Function Carriers for Bioactive Preservation and Functional Enhancement of Elderflower (Sambucus nigra L.) Extract

Background/Objectives: Elderflower (Sambucus nigra L.) extract is a rich source of bioactive compounds with promising metabolic and gut health benefits. This study aimed to develop high-quality microencapsulates and evaluate the effects of inulin and polydextrose, used individually or in combination, on their stability, bioactivity, technological performance, and functional properties.

Methods

Spray-drying was employed to produce four powder formulations: extract without a carrier addition, extract with 20% inulin or polydextrose addition, and extract with a combination of 10% inulin and 10% polydextrose. The resulting microparticles were characterized by their technological properties, such as powder yield, moisture content, bulk density, and tapped density. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, particle size distribution, and differential scanning calorimetry were used to define their physicochemical properties, while biological activities were evaluated using in vitro assays.