Healthcare
Factors Associated with Therapeutic Alliance Among Outpatient Musculoskeletal Physiotherapy Patients in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study
By Albasha N, Binshaye D, Alhumaid D and 6 others.
Abstract
Background
Therapeutic alliance is an important component of physiotherapy rehabilitation and is associated with patient engagement, perceived improvement, and rehabilitation outcomes. However, limited evidence exists regarding factors associated with therapeutic alliance among physiotherapy patients in Saudi Arabia.
Objective
To examine therapeutic alliance among adult outpatient musculoskeletal physiotherapy patients in Saudi Arabia and investigate its association with self-efficacy, quality of life, pain-related variables, and treatment-related factors.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among adult outpatient musculoskeletal physiotherapy patients in Saudi Arabia. Data were collected using an electronic questionnaire including demographic and clinical characteristics, the Working Alliance Inventory-Short Form, General Self-Efficacy Scale, WHOQOL-BREF, and pain-related measures. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Spearman's rho correlation, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and hierarchical multiple regression.