Antitumor Activity of a Bupleurum chinense-Derived Vesicle-like Particle Preparation in MOC1 Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Models

Background/Objectives: This study evaluated the antitumor activity of a Bupleurum chinense-derived extracellular vesicle-like particle (BC-EVLP) preparation in MOC1 oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) models.

Methods

Fresh roots were processed by differential centrifugation, filtration, ultracentrifugation, and sucrose density-gradient separation. The preparation was characterized by transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and total protein measurement. Cellular association, viability, ROS-associated fluorescence, mitochondrial membrane potential, and Annexin V-FITC/PI staining were assessed. Cell viability was also compared after exposure to equal added volumes of the preparation or pre-gradient ultracentrifugation supernatant. Female C57BL/6 mice bearing syngeneic MOC1 tumors received peritumoral treatment every 3 days for 14 days, followed by tumor histology.