Antibiotics
Artificial Intelligence in the Fight Against Antimicrobial Resistance: Applications in Diagnosis, Susceptibility Prediction, Precision Dosing, and Antibiotic Discovery
By Esposito S, Fainardi V, Arnesano GG and 2 others.
Abstract
Background
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global health threat, while conventional diagnostic, stewardship, dosing, and drug-development strategies remain limited by diagnostic delays, population-level decision-making, and a shrinking antibiotic pipeline. Artificial intelligence (AI) may help address these gaps by integrating complex clinical, microbiological, genomic, pharmacological, and chemical data.
Methods
We conducted a narrative review of English-language publications issued between 1 January 2010 and 27 August 2026. PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched using a prespecified combination of terms related to AI, machine learning, AMR, diagnosis, susceptibility prediction, antimicrobial stewardship, precision dosing, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and antibiotic discovery. A separate structured search of ClinicalTrials.gov, the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, and ISRCTN was performed on 27 August 2026 to identify prospective interventional studies.