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Clinical and Sociodemographic Factors Associated With Peristomal Skin Complications in Patients With Ostomies: A Cross-Sectional Study
By Cuevas-Sánchez C, Álvarez-Nieto C, Hueso-Montoro C and 9 others.
Abstract
Aim
To analyse the prevalence of peristomal skin complications and identify clinical and sociodemographic factors associated with their occurrence in patients with ostomies.
Design
Descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in 17 Spanish hospitals. Data were collected by 24 stoma care nurse specialists using a questionnaire based on Functional Health Patterns and the Ostomy Skin Tool. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed.
Results
Among 312 adult patients, 52.2% had non-intact peristomal skin. Skin condition was associated with ostomy type, stool consistency, stoma characteristics, appliance characteristics, protective barriers, symptoms, autonomy in stoma care, and frequency of appliance changes. Ileostomy was associated with greater peristomal skin impairment. In the multivariate binary logistic regression analysis (n = 262), the overall model was statistically significant (χ2(7) = 43.748, p < 0.001) and explained 20.5% of the variance in intact peristomal skin (Nagelkerke R2 = 0.205). Stoma characteristics (OR = 1.673, 95% CI [1.154, 2.425], p = 0.007) and ostomy type (OR = 2.199, 95% CI [1.065, 4.537], p = 0.033) were independently associated with intact peristomal skin.