Diseases
Characteristics of Cell Damage at the Division Stage and Nuclear Aberrations in the Buccal Epithelium Cytogram of Individuals with Impaired Carbohydrate Metabolism
By Usmanova I, Lakman I, Kolbetsova S and 4 others.
Abstract
Aim
To compare the frequency of cell damage at the division stage, apoptosis, and necrosis/nuclear destruction in the buccal epithelial cytogram of individuals with impaired carbohydrate metabolism.
Materials and methods
In this observational cross-sectional study, buccal epithelial cytograms were obtained from 52 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), 26 patients with metabolic syndrome (MS) and impaired carbohydrate metabolism (prediabetes), and 27 patients with MS without impaired carbohydrate metabolism. The smears were stained with eosin-methylene blue followed by Romanowsky staining (azure-eosin solution). Venous blood samples were tested for fasting glucose, 2 h post-load glucose, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c, %). The frequency of cell damage per 1000 cells in the cytogram was expressed as the median and interquartile range. Between-group comparisons were performed with the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test; when differences were present, Dunn's post hoc pairwise tests were applied. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was calculated to assess the relationship between the HbA1c level and the frequency of nuclear destruction parameters in buccal epithelial cells per 1000 cells.