Open forum infectious diseases
Long-term Effectiveness, Treatment Persistence, and Timing of Virological Failure With Long-Acting Cabotegravir Plus Rilpivirine in Real-World HIV Care: RELATIVITY Cohort
By Buzón L, Cabello-Clotet N, Montes ML and 22 others.
Abstract
Background
Long-acting injectable cabotegravir plus rilpivirine (CAB + RPV LA) is an established maintenance option for virologically suppressed people with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1), but long-term real-world persistence and virological failure (VF) data remain limited.
Methods
RELATIVITY is an ongoing nationwide ambispective multicenter cohort of adults with HIV who switched from suppressive oral antiretroviral therapy to CAB + RPV LA in routine care in Spain. Data through 1 March 2026 were analyzed. The outcomes were virological suppression, treatment persistence, protocol-defined VF, and time to discontinuation-related events. Virological failure was defined as 2 consecutive HIV-1 RNA values ≥200 copies/mL or 1 value ≥500 copies/mL prompting discontinuation.