Annals of medicine
Comprehensive approaches to Traumatic Brain Injury: bridging physical, emotional, and social dimensions for global health care
By Edward M, Takoutsing B, Ogunfolaji O and 2 others.
Abstract
Introduction
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a significant global health issue, affecting millions annually and resulting in physical, cognitive, emotional, and social challenges. While medical management, including neurosurgical interventions and rehabilitation, is well-documented, the emotional, psychological, and social dimensions of TBI remain underexplored. This gap in understanding hinders the development of holistic approaches to care.
Method
This article adopts an interdisciplinary approach, synthesizing existing literature to analyze the multifaceted impacts of TBI, as a narrative review rather than a systematic review; no formal search protocol, study screening, or quality appraisal was applied. Special focus is placed on the long-term consequences for individuals, families, and healthcare systems, with particular attention to the disparities faced by low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).