Diagnosis and management of prediabetes and early type 2 diabetes: a qualitative study of patient experiences

Abstract: To explore experiences and perspectives on diagnosis and management among individuals living with prediabetes or early type 2 diabetes.

Design

Qualitative study using semi-structured virtual interviews and Braun and Clarke’s reflexive thematic analysis.

Setting

British Columbia, Canada.

Participants

12 adults (≥18 years) diagnosed with prediabetes (6.0%≤haemoglobin A1C≤6.4%) or early type 2 diabetes (6.5%≤haemoglobin A1C≤7.0%) within the past 5 years. We used purposeful sampling to recruit eligible participants through an online health research platform.

Results

We developed three main themes: (1) ‘Mixed feelings about early detection’ captured the emotionally complex experience of an early diagnosis and the evolving process of sense-making beyond the initial response; (2) ‘Knowledge: a powerful enabler of self-management’ highlighted the role of timely, trusted and meaningful information and how understanding both the risks and the manageability of the condition can motivate action; (3) ‘Care that fits people’s lives’ reflected individuals’ need for supportive and individualised care and their view of lifestyle changes as the foundation of management, with medication to fill gaps if needed.