Parasite epidemiology and control
High prevalence of intestinal protozoan infections among asymptomatic individuals in rural and urban communities in conflict-affected Northwest Cameroon
By Ebai CB, Ajonina-Ekoti IU, Ndonwi JB and 3 others.
Abstract
Background
Intestinal protozoan infections remain an important public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa. In Cameroon, there is limited evidence comparing the epidemiology of intestinal protozoan infections in rural and urban settings. This study determined the prevalence of intestinal protozoan infections, identified associated factors, and compared selected diagnostic techniques among asymptomatic individuals in rural and urban communities of Northwest Cameroon.
Methods
A school and community-based cross-sectional study was conducted between May and August 2025 in rural Bafut and urban Bamenda, Northwest Cameroon. A structured questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic and hygiene-related data. Stool samples were analyzed using direct wet mount, formol-ether concentration, and modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining techniques. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 28. The Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test, as appropriate, and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess associations. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.