Journal of clinical laboratory analysis
Shikonin Promotes Apoptosis in Multiple Myeloma Cells Through the PKM2-AMPK-PGC1α Metabolic Axis
By Peng F, Gao Y, Zhang Z and 5 others.
Abstract
Background
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable plasma malignancy. Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), a rate-limiting enzyme in glycolysis, is involved in the metabolic reprogramming of tumors. Shikonin, a natural compound, exhibits anticancer potential. However, whether modulating PKM2 with shikonin can be used as an adjuvant chemotherapeutic strategy for MM remains to be elucidated. We explored the effects of shikonin on the metabolic pathways in MM cells.
Methods
Apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and cell cycle progression in MM cells treated with shikonin were analyzed using flow cytometry. Shikonin-treated MM cells were sent for Metabolomics by RNA sequencing and LC-MS/MS metabolomics. The involved signaling pathways were validated using western blotting.