Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics
A multicenter study on vibrating mesh nebulization of pulmonary surfactant for treating respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants
By Wu YM, Chen X, Li RN and 22 others.
Abstract
Objectives
To evaluate the efficacy of noninvasive ventilation combined with vibrating mesh nebulization of pulmonary surfactant (PS) in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and to identify predictors of treatment failure.
Methods
Preterm infants with RDS (gestational age >28 weeks, birth weight >1 000 g) admitted to neonatal intensive care units at 12 hospitals between June 2023 and November 2024 were prospectively enrolled. All infants initially received nasal continuous positive airway pressure and were treated with PS administered via vibrating mesh nebulization. Infants were categorized into a success group or a failure group according to whether escalation to invasive mechanical ventilation via endotracheal intubation was required. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify predictors of failure of vibrating mesh nebulized PS treatment. A prediction model was constructed, and its performance was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and the area under the curve (AUC).