Mortality Among People With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Importance: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with adverse life outcomes and increased mortality. Clarifying the magnitude of mortality risks using international data and the potential association between medication and mortality is essential to inform clinical care and motivate public health strategies to address mortality.

Objectives

To examine the association between ADHD and all-cause and cause-specific mortality and to assess whether mortality risk differs according to ADHD medication use.