Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism
Gene-Guided Therapy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Integrative Review of the Pharmacogenetics of Metformin and Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors
By Hossain I, Haidar M, Ratul MA and 4 others.
Abstract
Background
Inter-individual variability in the therapeutic response to antidiabetic drugs is still a big problem in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Genetic polymorphisms of drug transporters, metabolizing enzymes and molecular targets have become significant factors in drug efficacy, pharmacokinetics and adverse effects. This review aims to provide a summary of the current evidence on the pharmacogenomics of metformin and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and their implications for precision medicine in T2DM.
Methods
Published human studies examining genetic polymorphisms related to the various effects of metformin and SGLT2 inhibitors in patients with T2DM were systematically searched in PubMed, Scopus and EBSCO and analysed using an integrative review. Qualitative synthesis was used to compare the pharmacogenetic profiles of the two drug classes and to look for potential biomarkers for precision therapy.