Impact of a dietary and exercise intervention on health-related quality of life of prostate cancer patients on active surveillance with overweight/obesity: a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial

Quality of life (QOL) is important for men on active surveillance (AS) for prostate cancer (PCa). To improve QOL, interventions such as those focused on diet and exercise have been proposed. However, their effectiveness remains unclear, especially in individuals with overweight/obesity.

We previously conducted and published a randomized controlled trial of a lifestyle intervention for PCa patients on AS with overweight/obesity. Men were randomized to as follows: (1) 6-month diet and exercise intervention with a 7% weight loss goal vs (2) provided US Dietary and Physical Activity Guidelines. Herein, we report the secondary QOL findings from the trial. QOL was assessed at baseline and conclusion of the intervention via four validated questionnaires. Linear regression and two-sided t-tests evaluated mean differences. Subset analyses of the questionnaires were performed using cut-points correlating with clinical assessments.