Thoracic cancer
Chronic Cigarette Smoke Extract Exposure Promotes Genomic and Phenotypic Reprogramming in Lung Cancer Cells
By Kim HS, Choi SE, Kim IK and 9 others.
Abstract
Background
Cigarette smoke contains numerous toxic compounds that can induce oxidative stress and DNA damage. While smoking is a well-established driver of lung cancer initiation, the biological consequences of continued exposure after tumor establishment remain poorly understood. This study investigated the genomic and phenotypic effects of chronic cigarette smoke exposure in established lung cancer cells.
Methods
Human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells were chronically exposed to cigarette smoke extract to model sustained exposure. Cellular proliferation and migration assays were performed to evaluate phenotypic changes. Transcriptomic profiling was used to examine alterations in gene expression related to cell cycle regulation and DNA repair pathways. Whole-genome sequencing was conducted to identify mutational signatures associated with genomic instability. Tumor growth and histological features were further evaluated using xenograft models.