Interdisciplinary modelling approaches for One Health in agri-food systems: a scoping review and conceptual analysis

Increasingly, the One Health approach must be applied to a changing food system to simultaneously support nutritional, infectious disease, and environmental outcomes. Successful interventions by public health authorities will require quantitative modelling for evaluating trade-offs and prioritization. Herein, we reviewed methodologies for One Health modelling relevant to the food system and proposed a framework for supporting international and national One Health initiatives within governmental institutions.

This study first identified an operational scope of One Health by reviewing the One Health Joint Plan of Action (OH-JPA) for proposed activities related to the food system. Then we cross-referenced their implementation within the Group of 20 countries through a review of their publicly available One Health resources. We next conducted a PRIMSA scoping review on One Health quantitative modelling with relevance to the food system from 2021 to 2026 to determine interdisciplinary collaboration, data types, and modelling methodologies. Lastly, we developed a conceptual framework for modelling within One Health initiatives involving the food system.