Artificial Intelligence-Enhanced Electrocardiography for the Detection of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy in Athletes: A Systematic Review of Diagnostic Accuracy and External Validity

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a clinically important inherited myocardial disorder in sports cardiology because affected athletes may remain asymptomatic while being at risk of ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac events.Cardiovascular screening, therefore, requires the identification of occult HCM while distinguishing pathological disease from physiological adaptations to training.This systematic review evaluated the diagnostic accuracy and external validity of artificial intelligenceenhanced electrocardiography (AI-ECG) for detecting HCM in athletes and sports-screening populations.PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL,