Impact of rs16928751 (+795 G/A) SNP in Adiponectin Receptor 2 on Type 2 Diabetes Risk in an Iraqi Population: A Case-Control Study

Adiponectin receptor 2 (ADIPOR2) contributes to adiponectin-mediated glucose and lipid metabolism. This case–control study investigated whether the ADIPOR2 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs16928751 (+795 G/A) was associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in an Iraqi study population. The study included 48 patients with T2DM and 32 controls. Genomic DNA was amplified by conventional polymerase chain reaction and analyzed by Sanger sequencing; fasting blood glucose (FBG) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were also measured. Genotype and allele frequencies were compared using categorical tests, while Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium was evaluated separately for each group. HbA1c and FBG were significantly higher in patients with T2DM than in controls (reported p-values below 0.001). The GG genotype occurred in 75.00% of patients and 78.12% of controls, the GA genotype in 18.75% of both groups, and the AA genotype in 6.25% and 3.13%, respectively. The A allele was observed in 15.63% of patient alleles and 12.50% of control alleles (reported odds ratio [OR] = 1.30; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.52–3.26). The AA genotype showed a numerically higher odds ratio (OR = 2.07; 95% CI: 0.21–20.80), whereas the GA genotype showed no increase in the reported estimate (OR = 1.00; 95% CI: 0.32–3.15). None of the reported genotype or allele comparisons reached statistical significance; similarly, the dominant (OR = 1.19) and recessive (OR = 2.07) model comparisons were not statistically significant. The findings therefore do not establish an association between rs16928751 and T2DM in this sample, although the confidence intervals are wide and do not exclude potentially meaningful effects. Larger, adequately powered investigations incorporating additional demographic and metabolic covariates are needed to clarify the possible contribution of this variant to T2DM susceptibility in Iraqi populations.