International Journal of Cancer Management
Emergency Department Utilization Among Cancer Patients Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: Patterns, Clinical Characteristics, and Associated Factors
By Raghad Alhotirshi, Sadeem Allqmani, Bushra F. Alqurashi and 7 others.
Abstract
Background
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have become an integral component of cancer treatment across multiple solid and hematologic malignancies. Although these agents can produce durable clinical responses, they are also associated with immune-related adverse events that may lead to emergency department (ED) visits. However, real-world data describing ED utilization among patients receiving ICIs in Saudi Arabia remain limited.
Objectives
This study aimed to describe all-cause ED utilization among patients with cancer receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors, characterize immune-related and non-immune-related ED presentations, and explore factors associated with ED use.