Tripartite motif protein 32 overexpression promotes inflammation and pyroptosis in INS-1 cells via the NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway under high glucose conditions

Introduction

β-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance are hallmarks of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), in which inflammation and pyroptosisare critically involved. Tripartite motif protein 32 (TRIM32) participates in inflammation and programmed cell death, but its role inβ-cell dysfunction remains unclear. This study investigated the role of TRIM32 in inflammation and pyroptosis in rat insulinoma (INS-1) cells. Material and methods: INS-1 cells were cultured under high-glucose conditions. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to determine TRIM32 gene expression. Western blot analysis was performed to examine the expression of proteins associatedwith inflammation and pyroptosis. TUNEL staining and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assays were performed to quantify celldeath. Rescue experiments were conducted to verify the findings.