International Journal of Medical Science in Clinical Research and Review
Association of Serum Homocysteine, Vitamin B12 and Folate Levels with Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
By Tharankani A1*, Akshatha R2, Prithvi Shankar3, Mallikarjun Suligavi4, Ramesh Kandimalla5.
Abstract
Abstract Background: Cognitive dysfunction is increasingly recognised in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Homocysteine metabolism depends on vitamin B12 and folate, providing a plausible link between metabolic disturbance and neurocognitive performance. The is designed to examine the association of serum homocysteine, vitamin B12 and folate with performance on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and PGI Memory Scale among adults with T2DM.
Methods
A hospital-based analytical cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2025 to September 2026, involving 180 adults. Based on Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores, participants were categorised into two groups: 72 with cognitive impairment and 108 without cognitive impairment. Demographic characteristics, metabolic biomarkers, glycaemic indices and cognitive performance scores were compared between the groups to assess their association with cognitive impairment.