Primary prevention of cardioembolic stroke in atrial fibrillation and the role of anticoagulant therapy

Atrial fibrillation is one of the major risk factors for cardioembolic stroke. In this arrhythmia, impaired effective atrial contraction leads to slower blood flow and an increased likelihood of thrombus formation. The aim of this thesis is to highlight the clinical significance of primary prevention of cardioembolic stroke and anticoagulant therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation. Preventive strategies place particular emphasis on the individual assessment of thromboembolic risk, consideration of patients’ comorbidities, and reduction of bleeding risk. According to current clinical guidelines, direct oral anticoagulants are preferred for most patients when indicated. However, the choice of medication depends on the condition of the heart valves, renal function, drug interactions, and other clinical factors.