Improvement of comprehensive treatment for patients with traumatic facial nerve injury associated with facial and jaw fractures

Maxillofacial injuries rank among the leading traumatic injuries, accounting for 6% to 8% of all peacetime trauma according to various sources. Fractures of the mandible, zygomatic bone, and zygomatico-orbital complex, as well as temporal bone fractures in concomitant craniofacial trauma, constitute a significant proportion. The facial nerve, which has a long, tortuous course within the bony canal and arborizes in the parotid region, is frequently injured in such trauma: the rate of facial nerve involvement in temporal bone fractures reaches 7–10%, while mandibular fractures and parotid region injuries often involve damage to its peripheral branches.