Social and fiscal impacts of seasonal flu vaccination in France: Spillover effects and structural factors

Seasonal flu imposes a significant burden in France, primarily among older adults. Vaccination coverage among individuals aged 65 years has been ranging between 50% and 60% in the previous years, falling short of WHO's 75% coverage recommendation. We estimate the social and fiscal impacts of seasonal influenza vaccination in France under different coverage scenarios. We outline how country-specific structural factors and spillover effects may influence social and fiscal impact assessments and their interpretation.