Comparison of Clinical, Laboratory, and Inflammatory Parameters in Pediatric Upper and Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding

Aim

Pediatric gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is an important emergency ranging from mild, self-limiting conditions to severe blood loss. Although laboratory parameters and inflammatory indices have been investigated for predicting clinical course, pediatric data remain limited. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 29 pediatric patients hospitalized for GI bleeding. Patients were classified as having upper or lower GI bleeding. Hematological and biochemical parameters, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI), and urea/creatinine (Cr) ratio were evaluated. Groups were compared, and associations with hospital stay were assessed by Spearman correlation analysis.