A Comprehensive Ayurvedic Appraisement of Ulcerative Colitis: Pathophysiological Correlations and Management Strategies Via Purishavaha Sroto Dushti and Grahani Roga

Ulcerative Colitis (UC) is an idiopathic, chronic inflammatory bowel disease primarily affecting the colonic mucosa. Despite advancements in modern gastroenterology, long-term therapeutic management remains challenging due to adverse effects and high recurrence rates. In Ayurveda, the clinical features of UC characterized by bloody diarrhea, mucopurulent stools, and abdominal cramping closely align with the manifestations of Grahani Roga, Rakthatisara, and Purishavaha Sroto Dushti.This study aims to establish a holistic Ayurvedic conceptual framework (Samprapthi) for Ulcerative Colitis and outline a rationalized therapeutic protocol based on classical textual evidence.A comprehensive literary review was conducted utilizing classical Ayurvedic treatises (Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, Ashtanga Hridaya, and Madhava Nidana) alongside contemporary clinical literature regarding the etiology, diagnosis, and pathology of Ulcerative Colitis. The analysis reveals that Ulcerative Colitis cannot be encapsulated by a single disease entity. Rather, it represents a complex Pitta-Raktadhika Sannipatha Roga occurring within a Vata Sthana (the colon). The foundational pathology originates from chronic Agni Mandhya (impaired metabolic fire) leading to Ama production, subsequent tissue damage (Rakta-Mamsa Dushti), and the formation of chronic ulcerations (Vrana) at the Moolasthana (roots) of the Purishavaha Srotas specifically the Pakwashaya (large intestine) and Sthula Guda (rectum). Effective management of Ulcerative Colitis necessitates a strict threefold approach: complete avoidance of causative factors (Nidana Parivarjana), deep metabolic correction combined with wound healing (Deepana-Pachana and Vrana Ropana), and adherence to a tailored, low-residue Pathya diet to arrest mucosal damage and promote systemic recovery.