Sriwijaya Journal of Surgery
Lung Organ Failure Score for Predicting In-Hospital Mortality after Blunt Thoracic Trauma in Indonesia: A Retrospective Validation Study
By Charita Ulfah Widyawan, Arie Hasiholan Lumban Tobing and Theodorus.
Abstract
Background
Blunt thoracic trauma carries substantial in-hospital mortality, yet Indonesian referral hospitals lack locally validated tools for early risk stratification. The Lung Organ Failure Score (LOFS) was derived to predict pulmonary organ failure, not death.
Objective
To evaluate how well LOFS discriminates and classifies in-hospital death after blunt thoracic trauma.
Methods
Retrospective cohort of adults admitted with blunt thoracic trauma to Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital, Palembang, Indonesia (January 2023–January 2025). LOFS was calculated from admission records. We estimated the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and classification accuracy with Wilson 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Because patient-level cross-classifications were unavailable, a sensitivity analysis enumerated every joint table consistent with the observed data and fitted Firth-penalised models across them.