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Tuberkulosis Anak sebagai Ancaman Pembentukan Modal Manusia: Dampak terhadap Status Gizi, Pertumbuhan, dan Partisipasi Sekolah di Kabupaten Berau
By Andy Nuriyanto.
Abstract
Background
Tuberculosis (TB) in children is usually judged by treatment success, yet its effects on nutrition, growth and education shape long-term human capital. Evidence on these effects in Indonesia remains limited.
Aim
To analyse the impact of childhood TB on nutritional status, linear growth and school participation in Berau Regency, Indonesia.
Methods
This matched comparative cohort study included 250 children aged 0 to 14 years who started treatment for drug-susceptible TB and 250 children without TB, matched by age, sex and area of residence. Outcomes were measured more than 6 months after treatment initiation and analysed using linear mixed models, modified Poisson regression and negative binomial regression.Results: Compared with their matched peers, children with a history of TB had a height-for-age z-score that was 0.63 lower (95% CI −0.81 to −0.45), a 2.41-fold higher prevalence of stunting (95% CI 1.68 to 3.48) and 2.12 times as many days absent from school (95% CI 1.74 to 2.60). Nutritional status improved during treatment, but the height deficit persisted.