Pharmaceuticals
Total Flavonoids of Rhizoma Drynariae Ameliorate Rheumatoid Arthritis by Modulating Macrophage Polarization and HIF-1α-Associated Glycolysis
By Zhenya Liu, Silu Li, Wenjia Zhao and 4 others.
Abstract
Objective
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease with the abnormal accumulation of pro-inflammatory macrophages within the synovial joints. Total flavonoids of Rhizoma Drynariae (TFRD), the major bioactive constituents of the traditional Chinese medical herb Drynariae rhizome, have shown potent activities in treating RA, but their effect and underlying mechanism in modulating macrophage behavior remain unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of TFRD in regulating macrophage polarization during RA, and to further elucidate the underlying mechanism.
Methods
The therapeutic effects of TFRD were assessed by utilizing a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice model in vivo. A macrophage polarization model was employed to investigate the effect of TFRD on the macrophage pro-inflammatory polarization and glycolytic activity in vitro. Additionally, the role of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in the TFRD-mediated regulation of macrophage glycolysis was examined via plasma transfection.