Artificial Intelligence Applications in Pregnancy, Childbirth, and the Postpartum Period: A Scoping Review

Background

The use of digital health technologies, such as chatbots and virtual assistants based on artificial intelligence, has grown significantly in maternal health. These tools have been applied at different stages of the pregnancy and postpartum cycle, with emphasis on health education, risk monitoring, breastfeeding support, and mental healthcare. Despite their potential, challenges remain regarding clinical effectiveness, equity of access, and ethical safety. The aim of this study was to map the available evidence regarding the applications of artificial intelligence in pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum care, with particular emphasis on conversational agents, virtual assistants, machine learning models, and clinical decision support systems, as well as their potential benefits, limitations, ethical implications, and implementation challenges.