Differential Temporal Dynamics and Motor–Non-Motor Dissociation After Inhaled Levodopa in Parkinson’s Disease: A Post Hoc Analysis of the INLEVO-LIFE PD Study

Background/Objectives: OFF episodes in Parkinson’s disease (PD) include motor and non-motor manifestations, but their resolution after on-demand therapy may not be synchronous. We examined within-patient temporal dynamics of motor and non-motor responses after inhaled levodopa.

Methods

This post hoc analysis used data from the prospective, multicenter, open-label INLEVO-LIFE PD study. At week 12, UPDRS-III and 10 OFF-related non-motor symptoms (NMSs) were assessed in OFF and 30, 60, and 90 min after inhaled levodopa. The principal post hoc outcome was the proportion of maximum early (30–60 min) benefit retained at 90 min for motor versus non-motor outcomes. Individual trajectories were also examined descriptively.