Prognostic Impact of EASIX According to the Timing of Assessment in Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma Undergoing Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation

Background/Objectives: The Endothelial Activation and Stress Index (EASIX) is an easily accessible biomarker reflecting endothelial stress and has demonstrated prognostic value in several hematologic settings. However, its role in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM), particularly according to the timing of assessment, remains insufficiently chara cterized. We evaluated the prognostic value of EASIX measured at diagnosis and immediately before autologous stem cell transplantation (autoSCT) for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS).

Methods

This retrospective single-center study included 99 transplant-eligible patients with NDMM who underwent autoSCT between 2017 and 2023. EASIX was calculated at diagnosis and pre-autoSCT and log2-transformed. Survival was assessed using Kaplan–Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression. Optimal EASIX thresholds were explored using maximally selected log-rank statistics. Model discrimination was evaluated using Harrell’s concordance index and time-dependent area under the curve (AUC).