Seizure Occurrence After Solid Organ Transplantation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background/Objectives: Seizures are clinically important neurological complications after solid organ transplantation (SOT), but their reported frequency varies widely. We aimed to estimate the pooled seizure occurrence proportion after SOT and summarize reported seizure-related clinical factors.

Methods

PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched on 28 February 2026 for prospective or retrospective observational studies published in 2000–2025 that included SOT recipients and reported post-transplant seizures. No language restrictions were applied. Risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist for prevalence studies. Study-specific proportions were logit-transformed and pooled using random-effects models. Organ- and age-specific subgroup analyses, prediction intervals, sensitivity analyses, and assessments of small-study effects were performed.