Radiographic Evaluation of Scoliosis in Pediatric, Adolescent, and Young Adult Patients: Associations Between Curve Severity, Localization, and Skeletal Maturity

Background/Objectives: The vertebral column is exposed to significant mechanical loads, exceeding 8000 N at certain levels due to bipedal posture and locomotion. These forces may contribute to structural alterations during growth. Scoliosis is among the most common structural spinal conditions in children and adolescents, with reported prevalence ranging from 0.5% to 5.2%. Our study aims to evaluate the radiographic characteristics of scoliosis in pediatric, adolescent and young adult patients and to analyze associations between curve severity and anatomical and developmental parameters.

Methods

This retrospective cross-sectional study included 233 patients (152 females, 81 males) examined between August and October 2023. Cobb angle, curve localization, curve direction, Risser stage, and spina bifida occulta were assessed. Associations between variables were analyzed using chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests, and multivariable linear and ordinal regression models.