Baseline D-Dimer Predicts Subsequent Venous Thromboembolism in 23,505 Patients with One of 11 Solid Malignancies: An 11-Year Retrospective Cohort Study

Background/Objectives: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a major complication of cancer. The predictive performance of baseline D-dimer and factors influencing its levels among patients with cancer remain unclear. We aimed to identify predictors of subsequent VTE development and evaluate the cancer-specific predictive performance of baseline D-dimer.

Methods

This retrospective study included 23,505 patients with any of 11 malignancies who underwent baseline D-dimer measurement at initial diagnosis at Gifu University Hospital between January 2015 and December 2025. Patients with pre-existing VTE were excluded. Predictors were identified using logistic regression analyses. Cancer-specific predictive performance was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic analyses, with optimal cutoff values determined by the Youden index. Factors associated with baseline D-dimer were also assessed.