Age-Stratified Serum Biomarkers for Discriminating Clinically Defined Cognitive Impairment in Neurological Inpatients: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background

With the aging of the global population and the increasing prevalence of cognitive dysfunction worldwide, early identification of cognitive impairment has become an important public health issue. This study aims to investigate the correlation between peripheral serum neurodegenerative biomarkers and age, as well as the discriminative efficacy of cognitive impairment across different age cohorts. Notably, subjects were grouped by clinical cognitive assessment without pathological confirmation via amyloid/tau PET or cerebrospinal fluid testing to define Alzheimer’s disease pathology.