Indonesian Journal of Cardiology
Association of Visceral Adiposity, Core Skeletal Muscle Mass, Atherogenic Index of Plasma, and Renal Function (CKD-EPI) with Framingham Cardiovascular Risk Score in Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study
By Nathanael Ryan Hansel Wijaya, Ronald Winardi Kartika, Andria Priyana and 1 others.
Abstract
Background
Cardiovascular risk prediction increasingly incorporates markers of adiposity, muscle composition, and metabolic function. This study examined the associations among visceral adiposity, Core Skeletal Muscle Mass (CSMM), Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP), and renal function assessed using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation in relation to the Framingham Cardiovascular Risk Score (FRS) in adults, aiming to elucidate their interrelated contributions to Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) prevention.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 520 adults aged 30–75 years. Visceral adiposity, CSMM, AIP, and CKD-EPI were measured and analyzed alongside FRS. Path analysis using SmartPLS assessed direct and indirect associations. The sample size and analytical framework followed current epidemiological standards for body composition indices and risk prediction models.