International Journal of Science and Research
Frequency of A2 and A2B Subgroups among Individuals with A and AB Blood Groups at a Multispeciality Centre in South Canara
By Ashika Madonna DSouza and Mithun Venugopal A.
Abstract
Background
The ABO blood group system is one of the most clinically significant blood group systems in transfusion medicine and comprises four major phenotypes: A, B, AB, and O. Blood group A is primarily divided into A1 and A2 subgroups, with A1 being the more common subgroup. Individuals with A2 or A2B subgroups may occasionally develop anti-A1 antibodies. Anti-A1 is generally considered clinically insignificant when reactive only at lower temperatures; however, antibodies reactive at or near 37°C may be clinically significant and may cause haemolytic transfusion reactions. Identification of A subgroups is therefore important for safe transfusion practice.
Objectives
To determine the frequency of A2 and A2B subgroups among individuals with A and AB blood groups.