Effect of Ezetimibe on the Prevention of Contrast-Induced Nephropathy Following Angiography

Background and purpose: Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is an important complication of angiographic procedures. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a single dose of ezetimibe on the incidence of CIN and changes in renal function indices following exposure to contrast media.

Materials and methods

This double-blind clinical trial was conducted in 144 patients undergoing coronary angiography, who were randomly assigned to receive ezetimibe (n = 73) or placebo (n = 71). Serum creatinine and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were measured before the intervention and 48-72 hours after the intervention. The primary outcome was the incidence of CIN, defined as an increase in serum creatinine of at least 0.3 mg/dL or at least 1.5 times the baseline value within 48-72 hours of contrast exposure. CIN incidence was compared using Fisher's exact test, and the effect size was expressed as the risk ratio (RR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to compare post-intervention serum creatinine and GFR between the groups after adjustment for baseline values.