Diagnostic Value of Gastrointestinal Ultrasound (GIUS), Including Doppler and Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS), in the Assessment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Activity: A Scoping Review

Background/Objectives: Treat-to-target management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) requires frequent, accurate assessment of disease activity. Endoscopy remains the reference standard, but its invasiveness limits repeated use, which has increased interest in gastrointestinal ultrasound (GIUS). To map the evidence on the diagnostic value of GIUS, including Doppler and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), for IBD activity, with reference to endoscopy and serological/immunological biomarkers.