Isolation, Taxonomic Assignment, and Multi-Assay Bioactivity Profiling of Sodaleptolyngbya sp. HX-01 From Paddy Soil in Hoa Xuan

The present research focuses on the isolation and characterization of a cyanobacterial strain identified as Sodaleptolyngbya sp. based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. This cyanobacterium was cultivated under laboratory conditions, and the extracted volatile fraction of the metabolites was profiled by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Antibacterial potential was evaluated for six pathogenic bacteria, and its free radical scavenging activity was quantified. Cytotoxicity was evaluated using the MTT assay against four human cancer cell lines-HepG2 (liver), KB (oral epithelium), A549 (lung), and MCF-7 (breast). To determine putative active principles, selected GC-MS constituents were docked in silico against the light-independent protochlorophyllide reductase subunit B protein of Leptolyngbya boryana. Subsequently, their pharmacokinetic profiles were evaluated using absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) criteria to assess drug-likeness. The study identifies key biological characteristics and functional outcomes, thereby developing a robust soil-to-screen pipeline that efficiently expands the resource base for the identification of potential bioactive molecules. While these results are encouraging, we acknowledge the need for further in vitro and in vivo validation to confirm their anticancer and antimicrobial properties. Our findings suggest that these cyanobacterial metabolites may further add as an effective tool in the pharmaceutical sector.