Association of SOFA-2 with in-Hospital Mortality in Refractory Septic Shock: A Multicohort Retrospective Study with a 12-Hour Landmark

Background

SOFA-2 is an updated organ dysfunction score designed to reflect contemporary intensive care practice. Its clinical relevance in refractory septic shock (RSS) remains unclear. We primarily evaluated the association between SOFA-2 and subsequent in-hospital mortality among patients who were alive and hospitalized at a 12-hour landmark after RSS identification. Comparison with conventional SOFA was secondary and exploratory.