Association Between Exercise and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) Levels in Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by a consistently elevated blood sugar level. DM poses a major risk factor for many neurodegenerative diseases, causing a decline in cognitive function. BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor) is a neurotrophin in the central and peripheral nervous systems that plays a crucial role in the development of brain circuits. Hence, disturbance in levels of BDNF is linked to the occurrence of neurodegenerative diseases and cognitive decline in diabetic patients. Physical exercise has emerged as a nonpharmacological intervention in elevating BDNF levels. Our systematic review and meta-analysis evaluate the relationship between a globally affecting metabolic disorder, diabetes, with decreased BDNF levels, and explore exercise as a promising potential intervention.