Quantitative Proteomics: Recent Advances in Glomerular Disease and Nephrotic Syndrome

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects nearly 10% (∼850 million people) of the global population and stands among leading causes of morbidity, mortality, and healthcare cost. Current clinical biomarkers including serum creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and proteinuria, are all lagging indicators of nephron damage only after glomerular and podocyte injury and are often coincident with tubule damage and fibrosis and indicative of advanced CKD.