Old Drugs, New Targets: Molecular Docking Insights into Repurposing Proton Pump Inhibitors for the TLR4/MD-2, NLRP3, and C5aR1 Axes in Autoimmune Liver Diseases

Background/Objectives: Autoimmune liver diseases (AILDs), including autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cholangitis, and primary sclerosing cholangitis, may include treatment-resistant cases and therefore require new therapeutic strategies. This in silico study evaluated proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) across three pathophysiologically complementary inflammatory targets relevant to hepatic immune injury: TLR4/MD-2, representing upstream innate immune sensing; NLRP3, representing inflammasome-mediated inflammatory amplification; and C5aR1, representing complement-dependent leukocyte recruitment.